Cambodia’s extractive industries have traditionally operated on a small scale, mostly mining construction materials, gold or gemstones. While commercial production of minerals or oil has yet to begin on a large scale – these products made up just 0.1% of the country’s exports in 20161 – ...

Artisanal mining is small-scale mining that typically involves individuals, family groups or small communities, often working with limited technology. The mining may be seasonal, fitted around oTher work such as farming. There is a large overlap between this type of activity and gemstone mining. Artisanal ...

Electricite du Cambodge (EdC). Photo by bmeabroad, taken on 10 November 2011. Licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0.Low electrification rates and over-dependence on fossil fuel imports have contributed to Cambodia ranking 120 out of 124 nations in the new World Economic Forum’s Global Energy Architecture Performance index ...

In 2020, COVID-19 severely impacted both the global and Cambodia economies. the bankIng system In Cambodia is also affected but at a moderate and manageable level.50 the National Bank of Cambodia (NBC), Cambodia MicrofInance Association, and other relevant Institutions poInted out the rate of the ...

SDG 7 focuses on affordable, reliable and sustainable access to modern energy services. This includes ensuring universal access to energy services (SDG 7.1), increasing the proportion of renewable energy sources used to supply these services (SDG 7.2) and doubling the rate of energy efficiency improvements ...

 History of Myanmar’s electionsElections in Myanmar are held for the Pyidtaungsu Hluttaw (the Assembly of the Union, Myanmar’s national legislature) and for regional and state Hluttaw (assemblies)116 the national legislature is made up of two bodies, the Amyotha Hluttaw (the 224-seat House of Nationalities) and the ...

Criminal litigation refers to the judicial procedure held before a criminal court to resolve accusations brought against a person accused of a criminal offense. As defined in the law, “the purpose of a criminal action is to examine the existence of an offense, to prove ...

A quality and effective healthcare system that provides equal access to services is critical to ensure the well-being of any population. Both developed and developing countries strive to bring improvements to their healthcare systems. Cambodia, in particular, has undergone significant transformations in terms of healthcare ...

The judiciary is one of The three powers, togeTher with The executive (The Government) and legislative (The National Assembly and The Senate), that constitute The state. 244 Its role is to monitor The application of The law and punish its violation. This power is vested ...

Chi Phat primary school, Koh Kong Province. Photo by ODC team, taken on 28 November 2017. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.Access to free, good quality education in Cambodia is a right set out in the country’s Constitution: Article 65: “the State shall protect and promote citizens’ ...

Minerals from Halpern Mineral Collection, San Francisco, Photo by Eric Hunt taken on October 21 2006. License under: CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Many of Cambodia’s mineral resources are undeveloped, with most production concentrating on construction materials such as crushed stone, sand, gravel and limestone.355There is currently no ...

Renewable sources of energy include biofuels, solar, wind, tidal and geothermal energy. Fossil fuels such as petroleum or coal are not renewable. ...

Raw gravel, photo by touch and see, taken on March 26, 2014. Licensed under: CC BY-SA 2.0Since 2010, Cambodia has seen increasing production of cement, crushed stone, sand and gravel in response to the country’s booming construction sector. Approved investment in the construction industry in ...

The number of moThers who died in labour has nearly halved over four years, from 182 fatalities in 2011 to 100 in 2015.383​ Deaths among children have also dropped, although They remain comparatively high, and The prevalence of underweight newborns is high compared to many ...

The smoke and stench blow into The air in Phnom Penh’s huge landfill. Photo by Alan Morgan, taken on 17 September 2011. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Air pollution originates mainly from The burning of fuels such as petroleum, diesel and coal in The transport, household, ...

Copper exploration is concentrated in Preah Vihear province in the northern part of Cambodia. the most active explorer is Australian-based Geopacific Resources, in collaboration with Cambodian tycoon Kith Meng’s Royal Group. Geopacific Resources is working with Cambodian-based Royal Group at Kou Sa, a 158 km2 ...

Under Cambodia’s Constitution, all Khmer citizens have equal status before the law, regardless of wealth or station.428 This promotes a political principle called the rule of law,429 an ideal that all members of a society, both the people and the State, are held equally accountable ...

Decentralization and deconcentration are seen as “internally driven” reforms496, where the national government gradually delegates power, involving either administration or finance, to local governments to administer in their locality.27-year-old Sun Sovath supports his family by raising chickens, in Kampong Thom, Cambodia. Photo by World Bank Photo ...

Forest ClassificationAll land and the natural resources found under or on it is managed by the State on behalf of the national community in Lao PDR.524 However, the state recognizes long-term, alienable usage rights over both land and resources.525 “Forestland” is one of eight categories ...

In September 2015, the UN General Assembly released the 2030 Agenda for SustaInable Development, IncludIng 17 SustaInable Development Goals (SDGs). they were designed to build on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)630  and Intended to drive action In important areas by 2030, leavIng no one behInd. these goals were ...